Burner construction and method of making the same or the like

ABSTRACT

A burner construction having wall means defining a chamber for receiving fuel from a source thereof, the wall means having a plurality of port means passing therethrough and interconnecting the exterior of the wall means with the chamber whereby fuel will issue from the chamber out through the port means. The port means are arranged in a pattern through the wall means to define a first row of aligned spaced port means and a plurality of second rows of aligned spaced port means transverse and adjacent to the first row in spaced parallel relation to each other with the spacing between adjacent second rows being greater than the spacing between adjacent port means in the first row so that secondary air will be provided in a sufficient amount for all of the port means of the burner construction for proper fuel combustion.

[451 Oct. 30, 1973 BURNER CONSTRUCTION AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME ORTHE LIKE [75] Inventor:

[73] Assignee: Robertshaw Controls Company,

Richmond, Va.

[22] Filed: Dec. 13, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 207,674

Related US. Application Data [62] Division of Ser. No. 37,654, May 15,1970, Pat. No.

Francis S. Genbauffe, lrwin, Pa.

[52] US. Cl 29/157 R [51] Int. Cl B2ld 53/00 [58] Field of Search 29/157R, 157 C; 239/556, 558, 559, 560

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,644,515 7/1953 Lampert etal. 239/559 3,270,967 9/1966 Westerman et a1... 239/560 3,647,146 3/1972Genbauffe 239/559 3,386,431 6/1968 Branson 126/39 R 3,685,949 8/1972Greaves 239/558 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 712,887 8/1954 GreatBritain 239/560 Primary ExaminerCharles W. Lanham Assistant ExaminerM..l. Keenan AttorneyAuzville Jackson, Jr. et a1.

[57] ABSTRACT A burner construction having wall means defining a chamberfor receiving fuel from a source thereof, the wall means having aplurality of port means passing therethrough and interconnecting theexterior of the wall means with the chamber whereby fuel will issue fromthe chamber out through the port means. The port means are arranged in apattern through the wall means to define a first row of aligned spacedport means and a plurality of second rows of aligned spaced port meanstransverse and adjacent to the first row in spaced parallel relation toeach other with the spacing between adjacent second rows being greaterthan the spacing between adjacent port means in the first row so thatsecondary air will be provided in a sufficient amount for all of theport means of the burner construction for proper fuel combustion.

5 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures PATENTEDUBTSO 197s 768; l 31 SHEET 3 BF 3BURNER- CONSTRUCTION AND METHOD. OF MAKING THE SAME on THELIKE This is adivision of application Ser. No. 37,654, filed May 15, 1970, now US.Pat. No. 3,647,146.

This invention relates to an improved fuel burner construction as ,wellas to an improved method for making such a burner construction or thelike.

. It is well known from the US. Fat. to Branson, No. 3,386,431, that aburner tube construction can be provided with port means passingtherethrough in two longitudinal rows on opposite sides of the burnerconstruction for creating flame patterns that readily provide forsufficient secondary air to bedrawn into the issuing fuel for properfuel flame characteristics.

In particular, it was found that such prior burner construction was notonly relatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture, but also wasadapted to permit a minimum flame characteristic so that the oven couldbe maintained at a relatively low warming and noncooking temperaturewithout subjecting the burner construction to adverse flashbackconditions or adverse flame sweep off conditions as in prior knownburner constructions. 7

One of the features of this invention is to provide an improved portmeans pattern for such a burner construction or the like wherein a highBTU rating per lineal inch of the burner construction can be providedand still permit the burner construction to provide the small or lowflame pattern for low temperature characteristics, as desired. I

In particular, one embodiment of this invention provides a burnerconstruction having wall means defining a chamber means for receivingthe fuel from a source thereof, the wall means having a plurality ofports passing therethrough and interconnecting the exterior of the wallmeans with the chamber whereby fuel will issue from the chamberoutthrough the port means. The port means are arranged in a patternthrough the wall means. to define a first row of aligned spaced portmeans along thetop of the burner construction and a plurality-of secondrows of aligned spaced'port means transverse and crossing the first rowwith'the' 'second rows being in'spaced parallel relation to each otherand with the spacing between adjacent second rows being greater than thespacing between adjacent port means in the first row so that sufficientsecondary air-can be drawn to all of the port means for proper fuelburning characteristics. I

Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide an improvedburner construction having one or more of the novel features set forthabove or hereinafter shown or described.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved cookingapparatus utilizing such a burner construction orthe like.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved method formaking such a burner construction or the likefthe method of thisinvention having one or more of the novel features set forth above orhereinafter shown or described.

Other objects, uses and advantages of this invention are apparent from areading of this description which proceeds with reference to theaccompanying drawings forming a part thereof and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a fr-agmentary,.top perspective and schematic viewillustrating an improved apparatus of this invention.

FIG. 2 is. an enlarged fragmentary, top perspective view of an endportion of the burner construction of FIG. 1 with the flame patternproduced thereby being illustrated in cross section by phantom lines.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the burner construction.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the burner construction.

FIG. Sis an end view of the burner construction.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view taken on line 6-6of FIG. 3.

FIG. 7 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken on line 77 of FIG. 6.

While the various features of this invention are herein described andillustrated as being particularly adapted for providing a gaseous fuelburning burner construction for a cooking apparatus or the like, it isto be understood that the various features of this invention can beutilized singly or in any combination thereof to provide burner meansfor other types of fuel burning apparatus as desired.

Therefore, this invention is not to be limited to only the embodimentillustrated in the drawings, because the drawings are. merely utilizedto illustrate one of the wide variety of uses of this invention.

Referring now to FIG. 1, an improved cooking apparatus of this inventionis generally indicated by the reference numeral 20 and includes acooking oven chamber means 21 defined by conventional wall means 22 ofthe cooking apparatus 20. The cooking chamber 21 is separated from theimproved burner construction 23 of. this invention by conventionalbaffle plates 24 and 25 extending between the wall means 22, but beingspaced therefrom and having apertures 26v passing therethrough in aconventional manner so that the heated air produced by the burnerconstruction 23 of this invention can readily circulate into the cookingchamber 21 in a conventional manner.

Generally, the burner construction 23 of this invention includes aburner tube 27 having a closed end .28 for being supported to suitableburner supporting structure onthe wall means 22 of the apparatus 20 andanother end 29 adapted to be disposed in a sealing and telescopingrelation with a venturi or fuel mixing member 30 by a U pipe or conduit31".

The venturi tube member30 has an end 31 telescopically carryinga primaryair adjustment-member 32 in the manner fully disclosed in theaforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 3,386,431, the end 31 of the venturi tubemember 30 being in fluid communication with the out- .let orifice means33 of a conventional fuel control valve means 34 adapted'to have itsinlet interconnected to a source 35 of gaseous fuel or the like. Thesource 35 is adapted to be interconnected to the valve means 34 byconventional selector means 36 manually operated by the housewife or thelike, the selector valve means 36 also being adapted to interconnect thesource of fuel 35 to a pilot burner means 37 through a conduit means 38.The valve means 34 is so constructed and arranged that the valve means34 will only interconnect the source of fuel 35 to the venturi tube 30when a flame sensing bulb 39 senses a flame 40 at the pilot burner 37 sothat fuel subsequently issuing from the burner construction 23 will beignitedby the pilot flame 40 in a manner well known in the art.

As illustrated in the drawings, the tubular member 27 of the burnerconstruction 23 has the majority of the length thereof provided by acylindrical portion having a uniform circular cross section and beingprovided with a single longitudinally disposed top row 41 and aplurality of transverse rows 42 of port means 43 arranged in a patternhereinafter described to permit fuel to issue from the internal chamber44 of the wall means 45 of the burner construction 23 to the exteriorthereof and produce the heating flames 46 in the unique patternillustrated throughout the drawings in a manner hereinafter set forth.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, each port means 43 of the rows 41 and 42 ofthe burner construction 23 of this invention comprises a pair ofcooperating ports 43 in such a manner that the flow of fuel to thechamber 44 of burner construction 23 flows out of each pair ofcooperating ports 43' in two streams in the manner illustrated by arrowsin FIG. 6 to impinge against each other outboard of the wall 45 of thetubular member 27 and form a common stream substantially perpendicularto the vertical wall 45 of the burner construction 23 to produce theflame pattern 46 as illustrated schematically in FIG. 6.

Each port 43 is formed in the manner fully disclosed and claimed in theaforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 3,386,431 and interrupts the cylindricalwall means 45 of the burner construction 23 so as to include a carvedand inwardly bent tab means 47 angularly disposed relative to thelongitudinal axis of the burner construction 23 in such a manner thatthe tab means 47 not only causes the angular flow of fuel through therespective port 43 in the manner illustrated by the arrows in FIG. 6,but also the tab means 47 effectively increases the cross-sectionalthickness of the wall means 45 of the burner construction 23 at therespective port 43' in such a manner that a relatively small flame canbe produced at the port 43' and be effectively held therein so that anupward draft or flow of air will not wipe such flame from the respectiveport 43 and will not cause the small flame at the port means 43' tocreate an adverse flashback condition in the burner construction 23.Conversely, the tab means 47 are so constructed and arranged thatsubstantially no blow-off of the flames 46 can be created, even for alow flame setting of the burner construction 23.

Because each port 43 of each pair thereof causes an angular flow of fuelin the manner previously described, it can be seen that a substantiallyflame or fuel free triangular area 48 is defined between the cooperatingports 43' of each pair thereof to draw secondary air therebetween forgood secondary air entrainment with the fuel flowing from the ports 43'.In addition, a substantially flame or fuel free triangular area 50 iscreated between adjacent pairs of ports 43' in the manner illustrated inFIG. 6 so as to also cause secondary air flow entrainment so that by thetime the flames 46 substantially merge together, improved secondary airentrainment has been provided for effective fuel burningcharacteristics.

The tab means 47 for each port means 43' has a substantially rectangularconfiguration and is cut on two sides thereof, each tab means 47 whenbent inwardly out of the plane of the wall 45 defining its particularport 43'.

It has been found according to the teachings of this invention that inorder to utilize such port means 43 with a tubular burner construction23 of sensible diameter and in order to produce a high BTU per linealinch for the burner construction, the port means 43 can be arranged inthe unique pattern of this invention as provided by the longitudinal toprow 41 and plurality of transverse secondary rows 42, each second row 42being bisected by the top longitudinal row 41 and comprising twoadjacent pairs of ports 43' on opposite sides of the longitudinal row 41while utilizing one cooperating pair of ports 43' of the top row 41therewith. The spacing between adjacent second rows 42 is equivalent toone of the pairs of cooperating ports 43 in the top row 41 thereof.Thus, it can be seen that the second rows 42 cooperate with every otherpair of cooperating ports 43 of the top row 41.

If desired, each second row 42 can include more than the number of portmeans 43 disclosed and such additional port means 43 are indicated bydash dot lines in the drawings and are disposed on opposite sides of thecenterline of the tube 27.

It has been found that when a burner construction 23 has the burner tube27 thereof provided with approximately 7.985 inches in length, adiameter of approximately 1 inch and with the longitudinal row 41 ofport means 43 being approximately 6 /2 inches long with the second rows42 of ports 43' being arranged with each first pair of ports 43' thereofbeing disposed 30 from the vertical axis, with the second pair of ports43 thereof being disposed 60 from the vertical axis and with the lastpair of ports 43' being disposed from the vertical axis when viewing thetransverse cross section of FIG. 7, with the wall thickness of the tube27 being approximately 0.035 of an inch with each port 43 having alength of approximately 0.100 of an inch and a width of approximately0.100 of an inch while being spaced at its far edge to the far edge ofits cooperating port 43' approximately 0.200 of an inch and having itstab means 47 bent at an angle of approximately 35 relative to the radiusof the tube 27, the difference between adjacent center lines of adjacentpairs of port means 43 in the top row 41 being approximately 0.325 of aninch, such a burner construction is adapted to produce approximately4,000 BTU per lineal inch with all of the'ports 43' receiving sufficientsecondary air through the unique flame pattern arrangement thereof.

Therefore, it can be seen that this invention not only provides animproved burner construction, but also the burner construction of thisinvention has many of the unique features fully disclosed and claimed inthe aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 3,386,431.

In addition, this invention provides an improved method of making such aburner construction or the like.

While the form of the invention now preferred has been disclosed asrequired by the statutes, other forms may be used, all coming within thescope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is:

1. A method for making a burner construction comprising the steps ofproviding wall means for defining chamber means for receiving fuel froma source thereof, and forming a plurality of port means through saidwall means to interconnect the exterior of said wall means with saidchamber whereby fuel will issue from said chamber out through said portmeans, said lastnamed step arranging said port means in a patternthrough said wall means to define a straight line first row of alignedspaced port means and a plurality of straight line second rows ofaligned spaced port means perpendicular to and crossing said first rowand in spaced parallel relation to each other with the spacings betweenadjacent port means in said first row, said step of arranging said portmeans causing the central port means of each second row to provide oneof the port means of said first row with the number of second rows beingsuch that a plurality of straight line unported sections of said wallmeans respectively defined between adjacent pairs of said second rowslead perpendicularly to said first row to provide secondary airtherefor.

2. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein said firstnamed step causessaid wall means to define a tubular structure having a substantiallycircular cross-sectional configuration, said second-named step causingsaid first row of port means to extend longitudinally along said tubularstructure.

3. A method as set forth in claim 2 wherein said lastnamed step causessaid first row to extend along the top of said tubular structure.

4. A method as set forth in claim 3 wherein said lastnamed step causeseach port means to comprise a pair of spaced and cooperating portspassing through said wall means, causes each port to include a tab meanshaving a free end projecting into said chamber means beyond the interiorsurface of said wall means and having another end attached to said wallmeans on the side of its respective port that is adjacent to the tabmeans attached side of the other port that forms said respective pair ofports, and causes said tab means and said ports to be so constructed andarranged that fuel is adapted to flow from said chamber means in twostreams respectively out of each pair of cooperating ports and impingeagainst each other to form a substantially common stream that isangularly disposed relative to said wall means.

5. A method as set forth in claim 3 wherein said lastnamed step causesthe spacing between adjacent second rows of port means to be such thatsaid second rows cross said first row at every other pair of cooperatingports thereof.

1. A method for making a burner construction comprising the steps ofproviding wall means for defining chamber means for receiving fuel froma source thereof, and forming a plurality of port means through saidwall means to interconnect the exterior of said wall means with saidchamber whereby fuel will issue from said chamber out through said portmeans, said last-named step arranging said port means in a patternthrough said wall means to define a straight line first row of alignedspaced port means and a plurality of straight line second rows ofaligned spaced port means perpendicular to and crossing said first rowand in spaced parallel relation to each other with the spacing betweenadjacent second rows being greater than the spacings between adjacentport means in said first row, said step of arranging said port meanscausing the central port means of each second row to provide one of theport means of said first row with the number of second rows being suchthat a plurality of straight line unported sections of said wall meansrespectively defined between adjacent pairs of said second rows leadperpendicularly to said first row to provide secondary air therefor. 2.A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein said first-named step causessaid wall means to define a tubular structure having a substantiallycircular cross-sectional configuration, said second-named step causingsaid first row of port means to extend longitudinally along said tubularstructure.
 3. A method as set forth in claim 2 wherein said last-namedstep causes said first row to extend along the top of said tubularstructure.
 4. A method as set forth in claim 3 wherein said last-namedstep causes each port means to comprise a pair of spaced and cooperatingports passing through said wall means, causes each port to include a tabmeans having a free end projecting into said chamber means beyond theinterior surface of said wall means and having another end attached tosaid wall means on the side of its respective port that is adjacent tothe tab means attached side of the other port that forms said respectivepair of ports, and causes said tab means and said ports to be soconstructed and arranged that fuel is adapted to flow from said chambermeans in two streams respectively out of each pair of cooperating portsand impinge against each other to form a substantially common streamthat is angularly disposed relative to said wall means.
 5. A method asset forth in claim 3 wherein said last-named step causes the spacingbetween adjacent second rows of port means to be such that said secondrows cross said first row at every other pair of cooperating portsthereof.